Coacoochees Bones
A Seminole Saga
Susan A. Miller
April 2003
232 pages, 8 photographs, 4 maps, 6 x 9
Cloth ISBN 978-0-7006-1195-9, $34.95
To
Americans he was Wild Cat, to Mexicans, Gato del
Monte. But to his own people he was Coacoochee, a warrior
and diplomat who led the Seminole resistance to American injustice
in their home territory of Florida and through the Spanish borderlands
of North America. In the first in-depth study of this dramatic figure,
Susan A. Miller, a historian and a Seminole, sorts out discrepancies
between American history--where Coacoochee remains in the background--and
Seminole tradition--where he stands as a great leader.
Relocated in 1841 to the Indian country in what is now Oklahoma,
the Seminoles under Coacoochee resisted colonization. Coacoochee
instead led his people to Mexico, along with a community of black
fugitives from slavery and another of Kickapoos, where they secured
land in exchange for military assistance. Coacoochees Bones
tells the dramatic story of that migration, a story of armed resistance
and diplomatic intrigue that ranges across the Indian country,
Texas, and Mexico. It also portrays the extraordinary leadership
displayed by this man, in order to restore him to his rightful place
in history.
A man born to an elite family, Coacoochee used the power of his
status in creative ways, and Miller uses his career to explain his
leadership in terms of Seminole knowledge and governmental structure,
showing that Coacoochees concept of leadership was linked
as closely to spiritual as to political or military imperatives.
Her account offers a more nuanced understanding of the Seminole
cosmos--particularly the reality governing Coacoochees awareness
of his own tribes circumstances--and of long-standing borderlands
disputes. She draws on Seminole, American, and Mexican sources to
help untangle the histories of various emigrant tribes to the borderlands.
She also examines the status of Seminoles today in light of the
suppression of Coacoochees story, including modern Seminoles
attempts to recover their lost homeland at El Nacimiento.
By telling Coacoochees story from a Seminole perspective,
Miller presents a work of decolonization, reexamining Seminole history
to affirm that peoples centrality and sovereignty. Coacoochees
Bones restores a significant historical figure to his rightful
place in history and is a work that cannot be ignored by anyone
who wishes a fuller understanding of this continents diverse
and storied past.
Miller presents a searing and searching analysis of her
peoples past, informed by exhaustive archival research and
insights gained from journeys to key historic sites and from hearing
and respecting the traditional stories. . . . A powerful and important
book by a major indigenous scholar.--Peter Iverson,
author of We Are Still Here: American Indians in the Twentieth
Century
Millers insightful and invaluable study beautifully
reconstructs the saga of Coacoochee and Seminole migration into
Mexico.--Donald Fixico, author of The Invasion
of Indian Country in the Twentieth Century: American Capitalism
and Tribal Natural Resource
If Millers book contained nothing but the preface,
it would be a significant contribution to the field. It is a declaration
of intellectual and scholarly independence if there ever was one.--Dan
Littlefield, author of Africans and Seminoles: From Removal
to Emancipation
SUSAN A. MILLER of Seminole Nation is an assistant professor
in the American Indian Studies Program at Arizona State University.
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