Slave Law in the American South
State v. Mann in History and Literature
Mark V. Tushnet
September 2003
152 pages, 5-1/2 x 8-1/2
Landmark Law Cases and American Society
Cloth ISBN 978-0-7006-1270-3, $29.95
Paper ISBN 978-0-7006-1271-0, $12.95
Slavery
in the American South could not have existed without the authority
of law defining slaves as the property of their masters. But the
fact that slaves were also human beings placed limits on this harsh
reality. When the rigor of the law and the complex bonds of sentiment
linking master and slave came into conflict, masters looked to the
courts.
In one such case, State v. Mann, North Carolina Supreme
Court justice Thomas Ruffin ruled that masters could not be prosecuted
for assaulting their slaves. In articulating the legal basis for
his decision, Justice Ruffin also revealed his own view of the logic
of slavery, in which he sanctioned the owners rights
even as he expressed his own horror at the mistreatment of the slave.
Mark Tushnet, one of the foremost living authorities on antebellum
slave law, now shows how studying such a simple case can illuminate
an entire society. For those who detested slavery, the case represented
all that was intolerable about that institution; for those who defended
it, it raised vexing and persistent issues that could not be wished
away.
As further testament to the importance of State v. Mann,
Harriet Beecher Stowe even made it central to her second antislavery
novel, Dred. Tushnet discusses the opinions place in
the novelin which she quoted liberally from Ruffins
decisionand evaluates other historians interpretations
of both the opinion and Stowes provocative novel.
Tushnet provides a finely detailed analysis of Ruffins opinion,
portraying the judge as a man compelled by law to uphold the slaveowners
right while moved as a Christian by the slaves maltreatment
and ever hopeful that communal morality and a deep-seated sense
of honor would moderate the excesses of slave owners. As Tushnet
shows, however, slave law was a means for maintaining the ideological
hegemony of the Southern master class.
Slave Law in the American South paints a broad picture of
a landmark case, tying together legal, historical, social, political,
and even literary strands to show how the law itself was implicated
in the persistence of slavery. It sheds new light on slavery and
Southern history, as it probes the conscience of a troubled jurist
incapable of fully transcending his times.
While losing neither objectivity nor moral compass, Mark
Tushnet skillfully navigates the murky waters of Southern judicial
and legal logic. His inspired study highly deserves close and
serious attention.--Bertram Wyatt-Brown, author of
The Shaping of Southern Culture: Honor, Grace, and War, 17601880s
More than two decades ago, Tushnet ignited the field of
slave law studies with his provocative and thoughtful overview
of the subject, The American Law of Slavery, 18101860. Now
he has given us the first book-length study of a classic American
slave case. Comprehensive and insightful, it merits the attention
of legal scholars, historians, and non-specialists alike.--Timothy
S. Huebner, author of The Southern Judicial Tradition
MARK V. TUSHNET is Carmack Waterhouse Professor of Constitutional
Law at Georgetown University Law Center. A former law clerk to Justice
Thurgood Marshall, he is the author of numerous books including
Taking the Constitution Away from the Courts and Red,
White, and Blue: A Critical Analysis of Constitutional Law.
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