The Zapruder Film
Reframing JFKs Assassination
David R. Wrone
November 2003
400 pages, 40 photographs, 22 in full color, 6-1/8 x 9-1/4
Cloth ISBN 978-0-7006-1291-8, $29.95 (t)
It
is the most famous home movie of all time, the most closely analyzed
26 seconds of film ever shot, the most disturbing visual record
of what many have called the crime of the century.
In 486 framesa mere six feet of celluloidAbraham Zapruders
iconic film captures from beginning to end the murder of President
John F. Kennedy in broad daylight. The film has become nearly synonymous
with the assassination itself and has generated decades of debate
among conspiracy theorists and defenders of the Warren Commissions
official report. Until now, however, no scholar has produced a comprehensive
book-length study of the film and its relation to the tragic events
of November 22, 1963.
David Wrone, one of our nations foremost authorities on the
assassination, re-examines Zapruders film with a fresh eye
and a deep knowledge of the forensic evidence. He traces the films
forty-year history from its creation on the grassy knoll
by Dallas dressmaker Zapruder through its initial sale to Life magazine,
analysis by the Warren Commission and countless assassination researchers,
licensing by the Zapruder family, legal battles over bootleg copies,
and sale to the federal government for sixteen million dollars.
Wrones major contribution, however, is to demonstrate how
the film itself necessarily refutes the Warren Commissions
lone-gunman and single-bullet theories. The film, he notes, provides
a scientifically precise timeline of events, as well as crucial
clues regarding the timing, number, origins, and impact of the shots
fired that day. Analyzing it frame-by-frame in relation to other
evidenceincluding two key photos by Phil Willis and Ike Altgenshe
builds a convincing case against the official findings.
Without fanfare, he concludes that more than three gunshots were
fired from more than one direction and that most likely none were
fired by alleged assassin Lee Harvey Oswald. If true, then JFKs
death was the result of a conspiracy, for the Commissions
nonconspiracy conclusion requires a maximum of three shots and one
gunman.
Wrone, however, does not speculate as to who actually shot JFK
or whyor even if Oswald was involved. In fact, he is just
as critical of the legion of conspiracy theorists as he is of the
Warren Commission (which, he reveals, crushed dissent within its
own ranks).
Doggedly pursuing the evidence wherever it leads, Wrone has produced
a meticulous, clear-eyed, and provocative new reading of this remarkable
cinematic Rosetta Stone.
An important, valuable, and compelling addition to the
literature on the assassination that argues convincingly that
the film is both authentic and contains evidence of a conspiracy.--Michael
L. Kurtz, author of Crime of the Century: The Kennedy Assassination
from a Historians Perspective
The vivid images captured by the Zapruder film are eminently
recognizable, perhaps more so than any other film footage ever
captured, so much so that anyone who reflects on JFKs assassination
quite likely does so from Abraham Zapruders vantage point.--Walter
E. Dellinger III, Maggs Professor of Law at Duke University
and former Solicitor General of the United States
Wrones knowledge of the assassinations evidentiary
base is unparalleled.--James H. Lesar, founder and
president of the Assassination Archives and Research Center
DAVID R. WRONE is professor emeritus of history at the University
of WisconsinStevens Point.
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